Engineering glossary

The terms as we use them in our drawings, bills of quantities and contracts, in Arabic and English. Type in the search box to filter the list.

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Design

Construction drawingsمخططات تنفيذية: Detailed drawings used to build the work on site after design approval, including dimensions, levels and details.
Shop drawingsمخططات الورشة: Drawings prepared by the contractor or fabricator showing how items are made and installed, approved by the consultant before execution.
As-built drawingsمخططات ما بعد التنفيذ: Drawings updated to match what was actually built, handed over in the close-out file.
Design briefبرنامج الاحتياجات: A document defining the client’s requirements, spaces, functions and budget before design starts.
Concept designالتصميم المفاهيمي: The first design stage: idea, massing and general layout without construction detail.
BIM (Building Information Modelling)نمذجة معلومات البناء: A 3D digital model carrying element information, used for coordination and quantity take-off.
3D visualisation (rendering)إخراج ثلاثي الأبعاد: Realistic images of the design produced from a 3D model for presentation and approval.
Levelالمنسوب: The vertical height of a point relative to a datum (zero level).
Sectionالمقطع: A drawing showing the building as if cut vertically to reveal floors, heights and internal details.
Elevation (facade)الواجهة: A drawing of the building’s external face showing openings, materials and heights.
Setbackالارتداد: The required distance between the plot boundary and the building line.
Building coverage ratioنسبة البناء: The share of the plot area that each floor may cover.
Building permit (Balady)رخصة البناء: The official approval to build, issued online through the Balady platform.
Saudi Building Code (SBC)كود البناء السعودي: The mandatory design and construction requirements in Saudi Arabia.
Site planالموقع العام: A drawing showing the building within the plot with setbacks, entrances and levels.
Floor planالمسقط الأفقي: A drawing of a floor as if cut horizontally at about one metre.
Structural drawingsالمخططات الإنشائية: Drawings of foundations, columns, beams and slabs with their reinforcement.
MEP drawingsمخططات الكهروميكانيك: Electrical, plumbing, HVAC and fire drawings.
Completion certificateشهادة إتمام البناء: The certificate showing the building was built to the permit and is fit for use.
Clash detectionكشف التعارضات: Checking models to find where disciplines collide before construction.
Design developmentالتصميم التفصيلي: The stage that turns the approved concept into a defined design.
Reflected ceiling planمخطط الأسقف: A drawing of suspended ceilings, their levels, lights and diffusers.
Door and window scheduleجدول الأبواب والنوافذ: A table giving the code, size and specification of every door and window.
Drawing revisionإصدار المخطط: A number and date that identify each changed version of a drawing.
Furniture layoutمخطط توزيع الأثاث: A plan showing furniture positions, sizes and circulation space.
Basementالقبو: A full or partial storey below ground level.
Roof annexالملحق العلوي: Rooms built on the top floor's roof within a set ratio.
Parapetالدروة: A low wall around a roof or terrace.
Mezzanineالميزانين: An intermediate floor open to the floor below.
Landscape designتنسيق الموقع: Design of gardens, paths, planting and irrigation around the building.
Urban codeالكود العمراني: A city's rules for facades, heights and urban character.
Facade designتصميم الواجهات: Designing the building's exterior with materials, openings and shading.
Space programmeالبرنامج المساحي: The list of required spaces, their areas and relations before design.
Universal accessإمكانية الوصول الشامل: Designing buildings everyone can use, including people with disabilities.
Daylightingالإضاءة الطبيعية: Bringing daylight inside with minimum heat and glare.
Finishes scheduleجدول التشطيبات: A table setting the floor, wall and ceiling finish of every room.
Detail drawingاللوحة التفصيلية: A large-scale drawing showing how a specific part is built.
Title blockإطار اللوحة وبياناتها: The sheet's data box: project, number, scale and revision.
Drawing scaleمقياس الرسم: The ratio between a length on the sheet and the real length.
Fire alarm systemنظام إنذار الحريق: Detectors, sounders and a panel that warn when a fire starts.
Cooling loadحمل التكييف: The heat the air conditioning must remove from a space.
Electrical load scheduleجدول الأحمال الكهربائية: A table summing each board's loads to size breakers, cables and the meter.
Manholeغرفة التفتيش: A chamber on a drain line for cleaning and inspection at junctions and bends.
Light wellالمنور: An open shaft inside a building bringing light and air to inner rooms.
Floor-to-floor heightارتفاع الدور: The distance from one floor level to the floor level above.

Structure & materials

Reinforced concreteخرسانة مسلحة: Concrete containing steel reinforcement to resist the tensile forces concrete alone cannot carry.
Reinforcement (rebar)حديد التسليح: Steel bars placed inside concrete per bar-bending schedules to strengthen structural elements.
Bar bending schedule (BBS)جدول تفريد الحديد: A schedule listing the diameter, length, shape and number of reinforcement bars per element.
Footings (foundations)قواعد: Structural elements that transfer the building loads to the soil.
Ground beam (tie beam)ميدة: A ground-level beam tying the footings and carrying walls at ground level.
Solid slabبلاطة مصمتة: A concrete slab of uniform thickness without voids, common for small and medium spans.
Hollow-block (ribbed) slabبلاطة هوردي: A slab with concrete ribs between hollow blocks to reduce weight and increase spans.
Concrete grade (compressive strength)إجهاد الخرسانة: The characteristic compressive strength of concrete at 28 days, e.g. C30 or 300 kg/cm².
Slump testاختبار الهبوط: A simple site test measuring the consistency and workability of fresh concrete.
Curingمعالجة الخرسانة: Keeping concrete moist and at temperature after pouring so it reaches its design strength.
Steel structureهيكل معدني: A structural frame of steel sections connected by welding or bolts, protected from corrosion by coating.
Cantileverكابولي: A structural element fixed at one end and free at the other, such as balconies and canopies.
Expansion jointفاصل تمدد: A joint allowing the building to expand and contract thermally without cracking.
Waterproofingعزل مائي: Layers preventing water ingress into structural elements or spaces, such as bituminous membranes and cementitious coatings.
Thermal insulationعزل حراري: Materials reducing heat transfer through walls and roofs, required by the Saudi Building Code.
GRC (glass-fibre reinforced concrete)خرسانة مسلحة بالألياف الزجاجية: A cement mix reinforced with alkali-resistant glass fibres, lightweight, used for facades and ornament.
Blockworkأعمال البلوك: Building walls with solid, hollow or insulated concrete blocks.
Formworkالشدات الخشبية والمعدنية: Temporary moulds that hold concrete until it hardens.
Blinding concreteخرسانة النظافة: A thin layer of plain concrete under footings and ground beams.
Columnالعمود: A vertical element that carries slab and beam loads down to the footings.
Beamالكمرة: A horizontal element that carries the slab and transfers its loads to the columns.
Soil investigation reportتقرير فحص التربة: The borehole study on which the foundations are designed.
Compaction testاختبار الدمك: A test proving backfill layers are compacted to the required density.
Backfillالردم: Refilling excavations around foundations with suitable soil in compacted layers.
Termite treatmentمكافحة النمل الأبيض: Treating the soil before pouring to protect the building from termites.
Raft foundationاللبشة: A single reinforced concrete slab foundation under the whole building.
Retaining wallالجدار الاستنادي: A wall designed to hold back soil on one side.
Shear wallالحائط القصي: A reinforced concrete wall that resists horizontal wind and seismic forces.
Concrete coverالغطاء الخرساني: The concrete thickness between the surface and the nearest bar.
Lap spliceطول الوصلة: The overlap length of two bars that transfers force between them.
Post-tensioned slabالبلاطات سابقة الإجهاد: A concrete slab with steel tendons stressed after casting to span further.
Column neck (stub column)رقاب الأعمدة: The part of a column between the footing and ground beam level.
Sulphate resisting cementالأسمنت المقاوم للكبريتات: Cement that resists sulphate salts in soil and groundwater.
Pile foundationالخوازيق: Deep concrete columns that carry loads down to firm soil.
Dewateringنزح المياه: Lowering groundwater so excavation and foundations can be built dry.
Stirrups (links)الكانات: Bent bars that wrap the main reinforcement in beams and columns.
Hidden beamالكمرة المخفية: A beam within the slab depth so it does not show below the ceiling.
Excavationالحفر: Removing soil down to the required foundation level.
Bitumen membraneلفائف البيتومين: Modified bitumen waterproofing rolls bonded by torch.
XPS insulation boardsألواح البولسترين المبثوق: Rigid thermal insulation boards that absorb almost no water.
Concrete cube testمكعبات الخرسانة: Cubes taken during the pour and crushed to measure concrete strength.
Concrete core testاختبار القلب الخرساني: Drilling cylinders from hardened concrete to measure its actual strength.
Construction jointفاصل الصب: Where a pour stops and resumes within one concrete member.
Precast concreteالخرسانة سابقة الصب: Concrete elements made in a factory then transported and erected on site.
Anchor boltsمسامير التثبيت: Bolts set in concrete to fix steel columns and equipment to foundations.
Steel connectionsوصلات المنشآت المعدنية: How steel members are joined by bolts or welding.
Rebar gradeرتبة حديد التسليح: The classification of rebar by yield strength.
Concrete admixturesإضافات الخرسانة: Chemicals added to concrete to improve its properties.
Slab on gradeالبلاطة الأرضية: A concrete slab cast directly on compacted ground.
Lintelالأعتاب: A horizontal concrete member over door and window openings in blockwork.
Staircaseالدرج: A concrete or steel element linking floors with risers, treads and landings.
Concrete pumpمضخة الخرسانة: Plant that pumps ready-mix concrete through pipes to the pour.
Rebar meshشبك الحديد: Prefabricated welded bar mesh for slabs and floors.
Flat slabالبلاطة المسطحة: A concrete slab supported directly on columns without beams.
Pile capهامة الخوازيق: A concrete block joining a group of pile heads and carrying the column.
Underground water tankالخزان الأرضي: A concrete tank below ground for storing drinking water.
Septic tankالبيارة: A pit or tank collecting wastewater where there is no sewer.
Dead and live loadsالأحمال الحية والميتة: The permanent and variable weights a building is designed for.
Strap beamالشداد: A beam tying an edge footing to an inner one to balance it.
Two-way slabالبلاطة ذات الاتجاهين: A slab spanning both ways because its sides are close in length.
Deflectionالترخيم: How far a beam or slab sags under load.
Concrete cracksشروخ الخرسانة: Cracks in concrete from structural or non-structural causes.
Soil bearing capacityقدرة تحمل التربة: The safe pressure the soil can take under a foundation.
Column scheduleجدول الأعمدة: A table giving each column type's size and reinforcement on each floor.
Drop beamالكمرة الساقطة: A beam whose depth projects below the slab.
Starter barsأشاير الأعمدة: Bars left projecting from a cast element to lap with the next one.
Concrete spacersبسكويت الخرسانة: Small blocks holding steel off the formwork to keep the cover.
Concrete vibratorالهزاز: A tool that drives air out of fresh concrete so it fills the forms.

Finishes

Plaster (render)لياسة (بياض): A cement or gypsum layer applied to walls to level them before paint or cladding.
Putty (skim coat)معجون: A thin smooth layer over plaster preparing the surface for paint.
Emulsion paintدهان إيمولشن: Water-based paint for internal walls and ceilings, in various sheen levels.
Suspended (false) ceilingأسقف مستعارة: A secondary ceiling hung below the structural slab to conceal services and improve acoustics and lighting.
Gypsum board (drywall)جبس بورد: Gypsum panels on metal framing for dry walls and ceilings.
Porcelain tilesبورسلين: High-density, low-absorption ceramic tiles suited to heavy-use floors.
Marbleرخام: A natural stone used for floors, walls and stairs, requiring periodic surface protection.
Waterjet cuttingقطع بالماء: Cutting marble and tiles with a high-pressure water jet to produce precise shapes and patterns.
Parquet (wood flooring)باركيه: Natural or engineered wood flooring laid over an underlay.
HPL claddingواجهات HPL: High-pressure laminate panels resistant to weathering, used for facade cladding.
Aluminium composite cladding (ACP)كلادينج: Aluminium composite panels for facade cladding; a fire-rated core must be selected per the fire code.
Gypsum ornamentزخارف جصية: Classical decorative elements cast in gypsum for ceilings, cornices and internal columns.
Flexible polyurea sealantحشوة بولي يوريا مرنة: A flexible joint filler tolerating movement and chemicals, used in industrial floors.
Surface preparationتجهيز الأسطح: Cleaning a steel surface to a specified grade (e.g. SSPC-SP 10) before coating to ensure adhesion.
Dry film thickness (DFT)سماكة الطبقة الجافة: The thickness of a coating after drying, measured in microns and checked against the specification.
Floor screedطبقة التسوية (الأرضيات): A thin mortar or concrete layer that levels the floor before tiles or parquet.
Epoxy flooringأرضيات الإيبوكسي: A resin floor coating for warehouses, car parks and commercial kitchens.
Skirtingالوزرة: A strip at the base of the wall that protects the wall-floor junction.
Mock-upالعينة المنفذة (Mock-up): A full-size sample built to approve appearance and quality before full production.
Tile groutالترويب: The material that fills the joints between tiles.
Tile adhesiveلاصق البلاط: A modified cementitious mortar that fixes tiles instead of traditional mortar.
Stone claddingتكسيات الحجر: Covering facades with natural stone panels fixed to the building.
Travertineالترافرتين: A natural limestone with distinctive pores used for floors and walls.
External texture paintالدهانات الخارجية: Facade coatings that resist sun and moisture, including textured finishes.
Aluminium windowsنوافذ الألمنيوم: Windows with aluminium frames, sliding or hinged, single or double glazed.
Double glazingالزجاج المزدوج: Two glass panes with an air or gas gap to insulate heat and sound.
Timber doorsالأبواب الخشبية: Internal doors in solid or engineered timber with frame and hardware.
Ceramic tilesالسيراميك: Glazed clay tiles with higher water absorption than porcelain.
Vinyl flooringأرضيات الفينيل: Flexible plastic flooring in sheets or planks.
Acoustic ceilingالأسقف الصوتية: Suspended ceilings that absorb sound and reduce echo.
Glass partitionالقواطع الزجاجية: Internal walls of toughened glass that divide offices and spaces.
Interlocking pavingالإنترلوك: Interlocking concrete blocks for yards, paths and parking.
Wallpaperورق الجدران: A wall covering of paper, vinyl or fabric.
Kitchen cabinetsخزائن المطبخ: Kitchen base and wall units with worktops and fittings.
Sanitary wareالأدوات الصحية: WCs, basins, mixers, showers and accessories.
LED lightingإضاءة LED: Energy-efficient light fittings with set colour and output.
Corniceالكرانيش: A decorative projecting band where wall meets ceiling or at the top of a facade.
Terrazzoالتيرازو: Flooring of marble or stone chips in a cement or epoxy binder.
Gypsum plasterاللياسة الجبسية: A ready-mixed internal gypsum plaster with a smooth finish.
Anti-slip flooringالأرضيات المانعة للانزلاق: Flooring with a textured surface rated for slip resistance.
Graniteالجرانيت: A hard natural stone for floors, stairs and kitchen tops.
Curtain wallالحائط الستائري: A glazed facade hung on an aluminium frame that carries no building load.
Cement boardالألواح الأسمنتية: Fibre-reinforced cement boards for wet and external areas.
SPC flooringأرضيات SPC: Click flooring planks with a waterproof stone-plastic core.
Sound insulationالعزل الصوتي: Reducing sound passing between rooms and floors.
Self-levelling screedالمادة ذاتية التسوية: A fluid mortar that spreads by itself to give a level base for finishes.
Mortarالمونة: A mix of cement, sand and water for blockwork and plaster.
Corner beadزوايا اللياسة: Metal or PVC angles fixed on corners before plastering.
Joint sealantمواد سد الفواصل: Flexible materials that seal joints and take their movement.
Efflorescenceالتزهر: White salts appearing on blockwork, plaster or stone.

Quantities & pricing

Bill of quantities (BOQ)جدول الكميات: A list of work items with description, unit and quantity, priced item by item.
Quantity take-offحصر الكميات: Extracting quantities from drawings under defined measurement rules, with a reference for every figure.
Unit rateسعر الوحدة: The item price per unit of measure, built from material, labour and equipment then indirect costs and profit.
Direct costالتكلفة المباشرة: The sum of material, labour and equipment cost of an item excluding overheads.
Indirect costs (overheads)المصاريف غير المباشرة: Site and head-office costs not attributable to a single item, added as a percentage.
Waste allowanceالهالك: A percentage added to material quantities to cover cutting, damage and site loss.
Provisional sumمبلغ احتياطي: An amount included in the contract for work not yet defined, spent on actuals.
Lump-sum contractعقد المبلغ الإجمالي: A fixed-price contract for a defined scope; the contractor carries the quantity risk.
Re-measured contractعقد إعادة القياس: A contract paid on actually executed quantities multiplied by unit rates.
Engineer’s estimateتقدير المهندس: The cost estimate prepared by the consultant or owner to compare contractor offers.
Turnkeyتسليم مفتاح: Delivering the complete project ready for use with one party responsible for design and construction.
Preliminariesالبنود العامة (Preliminaries): Items at the start of the BOQ covering general site requirements.
Method of measurementطريقة القياس: The agreed rules for measuring each BOQ item.
Cash flowالتدفق النقدي: The timing of money coming in and going out over the project.
S-curveمنحنى S: A cumulative progress or cost curve over time.
Contingencyاحتياطي الطوارئ: A sum added to the budget to cover the unforeseen.
Price escalationتعديل الأسعار: Adjusting the contract value when material or labour prices change.
Overhead and profitالمصاريف العامة والربح: The margin a contractor adds to direct cost to cover the office and profit.
Value engineeringالهندسة القيمية: A structured review to deliver the required function at lower cost without lowering quality.
Dayworksالأعمال باليومية: Pricing small unforeseen work at actual labour, plant and material cost.
Quantity surveyorمهندس الكميات: The specialist in measurement, pricing, cost control and payments.
Measurement sheetكشف القياس: A sheet recording the dimensions and calculation behind each quantity.
Cost planخطة التكلفة: The project budget split across its elements before design is complete.
Tender evaluationتقييم العروض: Comparing contractor offers technically and commercially to choose the best.
Cost per square metreسعر المتر المربع: Construction cost divided by built-up area, for comparison and early estimates.
BOQ preamblesمقدمة جدول الكميات: The conditions and definitions that state what each rate includes.
Quotationعرض السعر: A document giving a contractor's or supplier's price and terms for defined work.
Request for quotation (RFQ)طلب عرض السعر: A request sent to suppliers or contractors to price a defined scope.
Labour productivityإنتاجية العمالة: The amount of work a worker or crew completes per day.
Equipment costتكلفة المعدات: The cost of plant used in the work, hired or owned.
VAT in construction contractsضريبة القيمة المضافة في عقود البناء: The 15% tax added to construction works and supplies in Saudi Arabia.
Prime cost sumالمبلغ الأولي: A set amount in the BOQ for a supply the owner chooses later.
Rate analysisتحليل سعر البند: Breaking a unit rate into materials, labour, plant, overheads and profit.
Budget estimateالتقدير المبدئي للتكلفة: An estimate of project cost before the design is complete.
Lump-sum itemالبند المقطوع: A BOQ item priced as one amount with no quantity.
Materials on siteالمواد الموردة للموقع: Materials delivered but not yet installed, partly paid in the valuation.
Swell factorمعامل الانتفاش: The increase in soil volume after digging compared with its volume in place.

Contracts & management

FIDIC contractsعقود فيديك: International standard forms of engineering contract defining rights, notices, claims and change management.
Variation order (VO)أمر تغيير: A written instruction changing scope, quantity or specification, with its price and time effect.
RFI (request for information)طلب معلومات: A formal request from the contractor to clarify a gap or conflict in drawings or specifications before execution.
NCR (non-conformance report)تقرير عدم مطابقة: A report recording work or material not meeting the specification, with root cause and corrective action.
Payment application (IPC)مستخلص: A periodic payment request based on approved progress and executed quantities.
Retentionاحتجاز الضمان: A percentage withheld from each payment and released after handover or the defects period.
Delay damages (liquidated damages)غرامة تأخير: An agreed sum deducted per day of delay after the contractual completion date, capped in the contract.
Extension of time (EOT)تمديد المدة: The contractor’s entitlement to additional time for delay not of its making, subject to timely notice.
Baseline programmeخط الأساس: The programme approved at project start against which progress is measured.
Critical pathالمسار الحرج: The sequence of activities where any delay delays project completion.
Minutes of meeting (MOM)محضر اجتماع: A written record of what was discussed and decided, with the owner and due date of each action.
Handover certificateمحضر استلام: A document evidencing the client’s acceptance of the works and start of the defects period.
Defects liability periodفترة الضمان: The period after handover during which the contractor must repair defects at its own cost.
Etimad platformمنصة اعتماد: The Saudi government platform for publishing tenders and submitting bids.
Tender documents (conditions)كراسة الشروط: The documents defining tender conditions, specifications and evaluation criteria.
Advance paymentالدفعة المقدمة: An amount paid to the contractor at the start and recovered from payments.
Performance bondضمان حسن التنفيذ: Security the contractor gives the owner against failure to perform.
Progress reportتقرير التقدم: A periodic report of what was done, what slipped and why.
Subcontractorمقاول الباطن: A contractor who carries out part of the works for the main contractor.
Final accountالحساب الختامي: The final financial settlement of the contract value after completion.
Letter of awardخطاب الترسية: The letter that tells the contractor his offer is accepted.
Design and buildعقد التصميم والتنفيذ: A contract where the contractor takes on both design and construction.
Contractual claimالمطالبة: A formal request for money or time under the contract.
Site handoverاستلام الموقع: The owner formally handing the site to the contractor to start work.
Site supervisionالإشراف الهندسي: An engineering office checking construction against drawings and specifications.
Earned valueالقيمة المكتسبة: A method that measures progress and cost together against the plan.
Look-ahead scheduleبرنامج الأسابيع القادمة: A short-term detailed plan for the next three or four weeks.
Force majeureالقوة القاهرة: An exceptional event beyond both parties' control that prevents performance.
Project managerمدير المشروع: The person responsible for delivering the project on time, cost and quality.
Warrantyالضمان: A commitment to repair defects or replace materials for a set period.
Joint ventureالتحالف: An agreement between two or more companies to deliver a project together.
Notice to proceedأمر المباشرة: The formal notice telling the contractor to start work.
Suspension of worksإيقاف الأعمال: A temporary stop of the works by the owner's order or the contractor's right under the contract.
Terminationإنهاء العقد: Ending the contract before completion under its terms.
Back-chargeالخصم على مقاول الباطن: Deducting the cost of work the main contractor did on a subcontractor's behalf.
Nominated subcontractorمقاول الباطن المسمى: A subcontractor the owner selects and the main contractor engages.
Dispute adjudication boardمجلس فض النزاعات: A neutral panel that hears disputes during the works before arbitration.
Pay when paidشرط الدفع عند القبض: Tying the subcontractor's payment to the main contractor being paid.
Letter of intentخطاب النوايا: A letter stating intent to award before the contract is signed.
Contractor's all risks insuranceتأمين جميع أخطار المقاول: A policy covering the works against damage and third-party liability during construction.
Time barالسقوط الزمني للمطالبة: A contractual deadline that, if missed, can extinguish a claim.
Site instructionتعليمات الموقع: A written order from the engineer to the contractor during the works.
Concurrent delayالتأخير المتزامن: Owner and contractor delays in the same period, both affecting completion.

Safety & quality

Risk assessmentتقييم المخاطر: Identifying hazards in each activity, estimating likelihood and severity and setting controls before work starts.
Permit to workتصريح عمل: Written authorisation for hazardous work (hot work, work at height, confined spaces) under set conditions.
Method statementبيان طريقة العمل: A step-by-step description of how an activity will be carried out safely and to specification.
PPEمعدات الوقاية الشخصية: Helmet, high-visibility vest, safety boots, glasses, gloves and harness as the activity requires.
Near missحالة وشيكة: An event that nearly caused injury or damage, reported and analysed to prevent recurrence.
Quality control planخطة ضبط الجودة: The list of inspections, tests and hold points for each activity and who approves them.
Inspection request (IR)طلب فحص: A formal request from the contractor to the consultant to inspect work before the next stage.
Material submittalاعتماد مواد: A request to approve a material or product with manufacturer data and samples before supply.
Snag list (punch list)قائمة الملاحظات: A list of incomplete or defective items to be completed before final handover.
Toolbox talkحديث السلامة الصباحي: A short pre-work briefing on the day's task hazards.
Scaffoldingالسقالات: Temporary working platforms for access at height.
Work at heightالعمل على ارتفاع: Any work where a person could fall from one level to a lower one.
Third-party inspectionفحص الطرف الثالث: Independent testing by an accredited body separate from contractor and owner.
Civil Defence approvalاعتماد الدفاع المدني: Civil Defence approval of fire and life safety systems.
Site housekeepingالنظافة والترتيب في الموقع: Keeping the site tidy and clear of waste and obstructions.
Lifting planخطة الرفع: A written plan to lift heavy loads safely with cranes.
Confined spaceالأماكن المغلقة: A space with limited access where dangerous gases may build up or oxygen may drop.
Pre-pour checklistاستلام ما قبل الصب: Checking steel, formwork and services before a pour is approved.
HSE planخطة السلامة: The document setting out how health, safety and environment are managed.
Hot workالأعمال الساخنة: Welding, cutting, grinding and any work that makes sparks or flame.
Safety officerمسؤول السلامة: The specialist who checks safety procedures are followed on site.
Incident reportتقرير الحادث: A formal record of what happened, why, and the corrective actions.
Emergency response planخطة الطوارئ: Written procedures for fire, injury and major incidents on site.
First aidالإسعافات الأولية: Immediate care for an injured person on site until medical help arrives.
Safety signsلوحات السلامة: Signs with standard colours and symbols for prohibition, warning, mandatory and guidance.
Lockout tagoutالعزل والتعليق: Isolating, locking and tagging an energy source before work on it.
Excavation shoringسند جوانب الحفر: Protecting excavation sides from collapse by shoring or sloping.
Fire extinguisherطفاية الحريق: A portable unit for putting out a fire early, by fire type.
Heat stressالإجهاد الحراري: The risk of body overheating when working in extreme heat.
Full body harnessحزام الأمان الكامل: A harness worn by the worker and clipped to an anchor to arrest a fall.
Temporary site electricsالكهرباء المؤقتة في الموقع: The temporary boards and wiring that power the site during construction.
Site hoardingسور الموقع المؤقت: A fence around the site separating it from the public and stopping entry.